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Valerio Massimo Manfredi (born 8 March 1943) is an Italian historian, writer, essayist, archaeologist and journalist. ==Biography== He was born in Piumazzo di Castelfranco Emilia province of Modena and, after getting a degree in Classical Arts at the University of Bologna, he became an archaeologist at the Catholic University of Milan, specialising in the topography of the Ancient World.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.valeriomassimomanfredi.it )〕 At the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore itself, he taught from 1980 to 1986, then moved on to an academic career at the Università of Venice (1987) and then at the Loyola University of Chicago, the Sorbonne University in Paris and the Bocconi University in Milan. However, due to his numerous commitments, both national and international, he can no longer lecture full-time, but he holds a visiting professor role.〔 Between the '70s and the '80s, he has undertaken the "Anabasis" expeditions for the reconstruction of the itinarary of the Ten Thousand's retreat. This expedition covered a total of 18,000 km, with 2,000 photographs being taken. He undertook and led numerous other expeditions, such as: Lavinium, Forum Gallorum and Forte Urbano in Italy, Túcume (Peru), Har Karkom and others overseas.〔 He has also held a series of conferences and seminars at the University of Oxford, University of California, National University of Canberra, Universidad de Antiochia, Universidad de Bilbao, Universidad Internacional Menendez Pelayo in Tenerfide and many others.〔 He has published many academic essays and articles and he has written several best-selling novels (amounting to a total of about 8 million copies sold worldwide). He also writes on many newspapers and magazines as a scientific journalist both in Italy (e.g., "Il Messaggero", "Panorama", "Archeo", "Focus") and in Spain (Spanish edition of "Focus" and "El Mundo").〔 His works have also been subject of awards, such as the "Man of the Year" in 1999 at the American Biographical Institute in North Carolina, "Corrado Alvaro Rhegium Julii" in 2003, "Hemingway" in 2004 and "Bancarella" in 2008.〔 His novel ''The Last Legion'' was the basis for the movie of the same title, released in 2007 and starring Colin Firth, Ben Kingsley and others; his ''Alexander Trilogy'' has been bought by Universal Pictures for yet another cinematic rendition of the story of Alexander the Great.〔 He has also written the screenplays for ''Marco d'Aviano'' and ''Gilgamesh'' and he has adapted ''Le Memorie di Adriano'' for cinema screening. Furthermore, he has hosted the television series ''Stargate – linea di confine'' for three seasons already on the Italian TV channel LA7 and he will also host ''Impero'' (''Empire'') on the very same channel. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Valerio Massimo Manfredi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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